MS-ESS1-4

Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

  1. Earth

    A rainforest once grew near the South Pole

    A forest flourished within 1,000 kilometers of the South Pole. That was a while ago, as in millions of years ago.

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  2. Space

    Black hole mega-burp was truly explosive

    Long, long ago, in a galaxy far, far away, a black hole blasted out 100 billion times as much energy as our sun ever will. One word for that: Wow!

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  3. Earth

    Study appears to rule out volcanic burps as causing dino die-offs

    New data on when massive volcanic eruptions happened do not match when the dinosaur mass extinction took place.

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  4. Space

    Dust-shrouded monster is a snapshot from the early universe

    Scientists have spotted a massive galaxy from the early universe shrouded in dust. It turned up in a small survey by the ALMA radio telescopes in Chile.

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  5. Planets

    How Earth got its moon

    How did our moon form? Scientists are still debating the answer. It may be the result of some one big impact with Earth — or perhaps many small ones.

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  6. Earth

    Is Zealandia a continent?

    Geologists are making the case for a new continent, that they would dub Zealandia. It can be found largely submerged beneath the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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  7. Earth

    Oxygen-rich air emerged super early, new data show

    Scientists had thought animals were slow to emerge because they would have needed oxygen-rich air to breathe. A new study finds that plentiful oxygen may have developed early. So animals may have been late on the scene for another reason.

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  8. Earth

    Cool Jobs: Mapping the unknown

    Scientists find different ways of exploring places humans will never visit — and drawing maps to help us better understand such mysterious places.

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  9. Space

    Pollution may give ‘first’ stars a youthful look

    The oldest stars should be made of only light elements. But these suns may have sucked up heavier elements, giving them a more youthful appearance, a new study finds.

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  10. Planets

    Asteroids boiled young Earth’s oceans

    At least two asteroids hit Earth 3.3 billion years ago. This superheated the atmosphere, boiled the oceans and shaped how early life evolved.

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  11. Chemistry

    Cooking up life for the first time

    The basic components for life could have emerged together nearly 4 billion years ago on the surface of Earth, chemists report.

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  12. Space

    Astronomers spy fastest speeding star

    A few stars have been spotted departing our galaxy. The fastest of these might have been propelled by another exploding star, a new study finds.

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